โ€œEmigrate โ€

By Engineer Basel Qass Nasrallah

Something in my chest still beats whenever I pass near a cemetery.

Something takes me by the hand whenever I attend the burial of a relative or a loved one, and I find myself walking among the graves, reverently reading the names of the dead. I do not know whether I am visiting them, or whether they are the ones welcoming me.

The Christian dead do not emigrate from Syria.

But we, the living, leave. We carry our pain, our memories, and suitcases that are light in our hands but heavy on our hearts, believing that one day we will return.

They remain. Rooted in the soil like the roots of ancient trees. Distant lands do not tempt them, and bombing, death, or destruction do not frighten them.

They are our security, our steadfastness. They left us, yet remained as guardians of our memory on this land.

Whenever I read an obituary in Aleppo, my eyes search for the countries where the children have emigrated: Sweden, Canada, America, Venezuela...

We no longer write โ€œrelatives in the homeland,โ€ but rather โ€œchildren abroad,โ€ as if exile has become the norm and the homeland merely an old station along the way.

Sometimes I stop at the graves of my mother, my father, and the aunt who raised me. I hear them whisper, โ€œWeโ€™re happy you came,โ€ and I wonder: Will my children visit me as I visit them?

They have all emigrated. And if they return, it is only for a few daysโ€”to sell a property, receive dental treatment, or undergo surgery โ€œbecause it is cheaper.โ€ The homeland itself has become the cheapest option.

Will my grandchildren know that their grandfather is buried here? Or will their visit be brief, part of a summer vacation, passing by my grave the way tourists pass through an archaeological museum?

The dead do not emigrate, but they fear being forgotten.

And amid all this longing for the land, there rises within me an anger that belongs not to the dead, but to the living.

Since the beginning of the Syrian crisis, many have competed in lamenting the fate of Christians.

They claimed to be protectors of the Christian presence. They spoke of studying โ€œthe Christian file,โ€ as if we were merely a document in their political archives.

Some of themโ€”if we are charitableโ€”are sincere and enthusiastic. But many are simply opportunists seeking attention, claiming to defend Christians while knowing nothing about them beyond a name and an image.

The presence of a Christian clergyman at a conference or seminar does not mean things are well. Frankly speaking, among our clergy are those who love publicity and photographs more than service, and who love platforms and podiums more than the suffering of their people.

The wave of emigration that swept through Christian communities was not a luxury. It was fearโ€”fear of a future in which religion became a cover for conflict.

We never wanted to leave our land, but fear overcame us.

And today, after all these years, some still hold conferences and seminars and deliver grand speeches about the โ€œChristians of the East,โ€ while their words remain little more than noise without action.

Our problem as Christians is not with society. It is with the opportunists among you.

The problem lies with those who reduced the Christian presence to a subject of pity, as though we were guests in our own homeland.

Stop asking about โ€œthe condition of Christiansโ€ as though they were strangers.

Christians are not a cause in need of guardianship. They are part of the Syrian fabric. Some remained, some emigratedโ€”just like other Syrians.

Stop mourning their emigration. You have wept over them enough, while failing to stand beside them when it mattered.

O dead, O beloved family members, we are the ones who remainโ€”to carry flowers and whisper prayers.

We will tell your stories, carry your photographs, repeat your names, and resist forgetting.

True death is not when the heart stops beating. True death is when no one remembers you anymore, or stands beside your grave.

God bear witness: I have not forgotten.

God bear witness."

ู…ูˆุชู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠูŠู† ู„ุง ูŠู‡ุงุฌุฑูˆู† ู…ู† ุณูˆุฑูŠุฉ" ุจู‚ู„ู… ุงู„ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณ ุจุงุณู„ ู‚ุณ ู†ุตุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡

ุดูŠุกูŒ ู…ุง ููŠ ุตุฏุฑูŠ ู„ุง ูŠุฒุงู„ู ูŠู†ุจุถู ูƒู„ู…ุง ู…ุฑุฑุชู ุจุงู„ู‚ุฑุจู ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจุฑู.

ุดูŠุกูŒ ู…ุง ูŠูŽุณุญุจู†ูŠ ู…ู† ูŠุฏูŠุŒ ูƒู„ู…ุง ุดุงุฑูƒุชู’ ููŠ ุฏูู†ู ู‚ุฑูŠุจู ุฃูˆ ุนุฒูŠุฒูุŒ ูุฃู‚ูˆู…ู ุจุฌูˆู„ุฉู ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ุจูˆุฑูุŒ ุฃู‚ุฑุฃู ุฎุงุดุนุงู‹ ุฃุณู…ุงุกูŽ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชู‰ุŒ ูˆู„ุง ุฃุนุฑูู ุฅู† ูƒู†ุชู ุฃุฒูˆุฑู‡ู… ุฃู… ุฃู†ู‡ู… ู‡ู… ู…ู† ูŠุณุชู‚ุจู„ูˆู†ู†ูŠ.

ู…ูˆุชู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠูŠู† ู„ุง ูŠู‡ุงุฌุฑูˆู† ู…ู† ุณูˆุฑูŠุฉูŽ.

ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ู†ุญู† ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงุกูŽ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู†ุฑุญู„ูุŒ ู†ุญู…ู„ู ูˆุฌุนู†ุง ูˆุฐูƒุฑูŠุงุชู†ุง ูˆุญู‚ุงุฆุจูŽ ุฎููŠูุฉู‹ ุจุงู„ูŠุฏูุŒ ุซู‚ูŠู„ุฉู‹ ุจุงู„ู‚ู„ุจูุŒ ูˆู†ุธู†ู‘ู ุฃู†ู†ุง ุณู†ุนูˆุฏู.

ุฃู…ุง ู‡ู…ุŒ ูุจู‚ูˆุงุŒ ุชุฌุฐู‘ุฑูˆุง ููŠ ุชุฑุงุจู ุงู„ุฃุฑุถู ูƒู…ุง ุงู„ุฌุฐูˆุฑูุŒ ู„ุง ุชุบุฑูŠู‡ู… ุจู„ุงุฏูŒ ุจุนูŠุฏุฉูŒุŒ ูˆู„ุง ูŠุฎูŠูู‡ู… ู‚ุตููŒ ุฃูˆ ู…ูˆุชูŒ ุฃูˆ ุฎุฑุงุจูŒ.

ู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃู…ุงู†ูุŒ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุซุจุงุชูุŒ ู‡ู… ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ุชุฑูƒูˆู†ุง ูˆุจู‚ูˆุง ุญุฑุงุณุงู‹ ู„ุฐุงูƒุฑุชู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถู.

ูƒู„ู…ุง ู‚ุฑุฃุชู’ ูˆุฑู‚ุฉูŽ ู†ุนูˆุฉู ููŠ ุญู„ุจูŽุŒ ุฃุจุญุซู ุจุนูŠู†ูŠู‘ ุนู† ุฃุณู…ุงุกู ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ู ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ุงุฌุฑ ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุจู†ุงุกู: ุงู„ุณูˆูŠุฏูุŒ ูƒู†ุฏุงุŒ ุฃู…ูŠุฑูƒุงุŒ ูู†ุฒูˆูŠู„ุง...

ู„ู… ู†ุนุฏู’ ู†ูƒุชุจู โ€œุฃู‚ุงุฑุจู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุทู†ูโ€ุŒ ุจู„ โ€œุฃุจู†ุงุคู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‡ุฌุฑูโ€ุŒ ูˆูƒุฃู† ุงู„ุบุฑุจุฉูŽ ุฃุตุจุญุช ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŽุŒ ูˆุงู„ูˆุทู†ูŽ ุฃุตุจุญ ู…ุญุทุฉู‹ ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉู‹.

ุฃุชูˆู‚ูู ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุงู‹ ุนู†ุฏ ู‚ุจุฑู ุฃู…ูŠ ูˆุฃุจูŠุŒ ูˆุฎุงู„ุชูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฑุจู‘ุชู†ูŠุŒ ูุฃุณู…ุนู ุตูˆุชู‡ู… ูŠู‡ู…ุณู: โ€œู…ุจุณูˆุทูŠู† ุฅู†ูƒ ุฌูŠุชูŽโ€ุŒ ูˆุฃุชุณุงุกู„ู: ู‡ู„ ุณูŠุฒูˆุฑู†ูŠ ุฃูˆู„ุงุฏูŠ ูƒู…ุง ุฃุฒูˆุฑู‡ู…ุŸ

ูƒู„ู‡ู… ู‡ุงุฌุฑูˆุงุŒ ูˆุฅู† ุนุงุฏูˆุงุŒ ูู„ุฃูŠุงู…ู ู…ุนุฏูˆุฏุงุชูุŒ ู„ุจูŠุน ุนู‚ุงุฑู ุฃูˆ ู…ุนุงู„ุฌุฉู ุฃุณู†ุงู†ู‡ู… ูˆุฅุฌุฑุงุกู ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุชู‡ู… ุงู„ุฌุฑุงุญูŠุฉ "ุจุญุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฑุฎุตู" ูˆุฃุตุจุญ ุงู„ูˆุทู†ู ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃุฑุฎุตูŽ.

ู‡ู„ ุณูŠุนุฑู ุฃุญูุงุฏูŠ ุฃู† ุฌุฏู‡ู… ู…ุฏููˆู†ูŒ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ ุฃู… ุณุชูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฑุฉู ุณุฑูŠุนุฉู‹ุŒ ููŠ ุตูŠูู ุณูŠุงุญูŠู‘ูุŒ ุชู…ุฑู‘ู ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ุจุฑูŠ ูƒู…ุง ูŠู…ุฑู‘ูˆู† ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุชุญูู ุฃุซุฑูŠู‘ูุŸ

ุงู„ู…ูˆุชู‰ ู„ุง ูŠู‡ุงุฌุฑูˆู†ุŒ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ู… ูŠุฎุดูˆู† ุฃู† ูŠูู†ุณูˆุง.

ูˆู…ุน ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุญู†ูŠู†ู ู„ู„ุฃุฑุถูุŒ ูŠู†ุจุนุซู ููŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ุบุถุจูŒ ู„ุง ูŠุดุจู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆุชู‰ ุจู„ ูŠุดุจู‡ ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงุกูŽ.

ู…ู†ุฐ ุจุฏุงูŠุฉู ุงู„ุฃุฒู…ุฉู ููŠ ุณูˆุฑูŠุฉูŽุŒ ุชุจุงุฑู‰ ูƒุซูŠุฑูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุชุจุงูƒูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠูŠู†.

ุฅุฏู‘ุนูˆุง ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุญู…ุงุฉู ุงู„ูˆุฌูˆุฏู ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠู‘ูุŒ ูˆุฃู†ู‡ู… ูŠุฏุฑุณูˆู† "ุงู„ู…ู„ูู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠู‘ูŽ"ุŒ ูˆูƒุฃู†ู†ุง ูˆุฑู‚ุฉูŒ ููŠ ุฃุฑุดูŠูู‡ู… ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠู‘ู.

ุจุนุถู‡ู… โ€“ ุฅุฐุง ุฃุฑุฏู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ูุญุณู† ุงู„ุธู†ู‘ูŽ โ€“ ู…ุชุญู…ุณูŒุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู„ูŠุณูˆุง ุณูˆู‰ ู…ุชุณู„ู‚ูŠู† ูŠุจุญุซูˆู† ุนู† ุงู„ุฃุถูˆุงุกูุŒ ูŠุฏู‘ุนูˆู† ุงู„ุฏูุงุนูŽ ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠูŠู† ูˆู‡ู… ู„ุง ูŠุนุฑููˆู† ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุฅู„ุง ุงู„ุงุณู…ูŽ ูˆุงู„ุตูˆุฑุฉูŽ.

ูˆุฌูˆุฏู ุฑุฌู„ู ุฏูŠู†ู ู…ุณูŠุญูŠู‘ู ููŠ ู…ุคุชู…ุฑู ุฃูˆ ู†ุฏูˆุฉู ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู…ูˆุฑูŽ ุจุฎูŠุฑูุŒ ูู„ุฏูŠู†ุง โ€“ ุจูƒู„ ุตุฑุงุญุฉู โ€“ ู…ู† ุฑุฌุงู„ู ุงู„ุฏูŠู†ู ู…ู† ูŠุญุจ ุงู„ุธู‡ูˆุฑูŽ ูˆุงู„ุชุตูˆูŠุฑูŽ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฃุฏุงุกู ุงู„ุฏูˆุฑูุŒ ูˆู…ู† ูŠุนุดู‚ู ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุจุฑูŽ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ุฃู„ู…ู ุงู„ุฑุนูŠุฉู.

ุงู„ู‡ุฌุฑุฉู ุงู„ุชูŠ ุงุฌุชุงุญุช ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠูŠู† ู„ู… ุชูƒู† ุชุฑูุงู‹ุŒ ูƒุงู†ุช ุฎูˆูุงู‹ ู…ู† ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ู ุงุชู‘ุฎุฐ ุงู„ุฏูŠู†ูŽ ุบุทุงุกู‹ ู„ู„ุตุฑุงุนู.

ู„ู… ู†ูƒู† ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ู†ุชุฑูƒ ุฃุฑุถู†ุงุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุฎูˆููŽ ุบู„ุจู†ุง.

ูˆุงู„ูŠูˆู…ูŽุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุณู†ูˆุงุชูุŒ ู…ุง ุฒุงู„ ุงู„ุจุนุถู ูŠุนู‚ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุคุชู…ุฑุงุชู ูˆุงู„ู†ุฏูˆุงุชูุŒ ูˆูŠุทู„ู‚ ุงู„ุฎุทุงุจุงุชู ุงู„ุฑู†ู‘ุงู†ุฉูŽ ุนู† "ู…ุณูŠุญูŠูŠ ุงู„ู…ุดุฑู‚ู"ุŒ ููŠู…ุง ุชุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู„ู…ุงุชู‡ู… ุทู†ูŠู†ุงู‹ ุจู„ุง ูุนู„ู.

ู…ุดูƒู„ุชู†ุงุŒ ู†ุญู† ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠูŠู†ุŒ ู„ูŠุณุช ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุนูุŒ ุจู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุชุณู„ู‚ูŠู† ู…ู†ูƒู….

ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉู ููŠู…ู† ุงุฎุชุตุฑ ุงู„ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŽ ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠู‘ูŽ ุจุนุจุงุฑุงุชู ุงู„ุดูู‚ุฉูุŒ ูˆูƒุฃู†ู†ุง ุถูŠูˆููŒ ููŠ ูˆุทู†ู†ุง.

ูƒูุงูƒู… ุณุคุงู„ุงู‹ ุนู† "ูˆุถุนู ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠูŠู†" ูˆูƒุฃู†ู‡ู… ุบุฑุจุงุกูŽ!

ุงู„ู…ุณูŠุญูŠูˆู† ู„ูŠุณูˆุง ู‚ุถูŠุฉู‹ ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฑุนุงูŠุฉูุŒ ุจู„ ุฌุฒุกูŒ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ุณูŠุฌู ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠู‘ูุŒ ููŠู‡ู… ู…ู† ุจู‚ูŠุŒ ูˆู…ู† ู‡ุงุฌุฑุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠูŠู†.

ูƒูุงูƒู… ุชุจุงูƒูŠุงู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฌุฑุชู‡ู…ุŒ ูู‚ุฏ ุจูƒูŠุชู… ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ูƒุงู„ุจุงูƒูŠู† ุจู…ุง ูŠูƒููŠุŒ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ู„ู… ุชู‚ููˆุง ู…ุนู‡ู… ูƒุงู„ุฑุฌุงู„ู.

ุฃูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุชู‰ุŒ ุฃูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃู‡ู„ูุŒ ู†ุญู† ู…ู† ุจู‚ูŠ ู„ูŠุญู…ู„ ูˆุฑุฏู‹ุง ูˆูŠู‡ู…ุณูŽ ุตู„ุงุฉู‹.

ุณู†ุฑูˆูŠ ู‚ุตุชูƒู…ุŒ ูˆู†ุญู…ู„ ุตูˆุฑูƒู…ุŒ ูˆู†ุฑุฏุฏ ุฃุณู…ุงุกูƒู…ุŒ ูˆู†ู‚ุงูˆู… ุงู„ู†ุณูŠุงู†ูŽ.

ุงู„ู…ูˆุชู ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠู‘ู ู„ูŠุณ ุญูŠู† ูŠุชูˆู‚ู ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจูุŒ ุจู„ ุญูŠู† ู„ุง ูŠุนูˆุฏ ุฃุญุฏูŒ ูŠุฐูƒุฑูƒ ุฃูˆ ูŠู‚ู ุนู†ุฏ ู‚ุจุฑูƒ.

ุงู„ู„ู‡ู… ุงุดู‡ุฏุŒ ุฃู†ูŠ ู…ุง ู†ุณูŠุชู.

ุงู„ู„ู‡ู… ุงุดู‡ุฏุŒ ุฃู†ูŠ ุจู„ู‘ุบุชู.

ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠูˆู† ุงู„ุฃูƒุฑุงุฏ: ู…ุงุถูŠุงู‹ ูˆุญุงุถุฑุงู‹ ูˆู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุงู‹" ุจู‚ู„ู…ู ุงู„ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณู ุจุงุณู„ู ู‚ุณู ู†ุตุฑู ุงู„ู„ู‡ู

ุฃู†ู’ ุฎุทุชู’ ุฃู‚ุฏุงู…ู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏู ุฃุฑุถูŽ ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุฑุฉู ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠุฉู ู…ู†ุฐู ู…ุง ู‚ุจู„ูŽ ุงู„ุณูˆู…ุฑูŠูŠู†ูŽุŒ ูˆู‡ู…ู’ ู‚ุฏู’ ุฃุณู…ูˆุง "ุงู„ู‡ูˆุฑูŠูŠู†ูŽ" ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุชุฃุชู‰ ู…ู†ู‡ ุงู„ุฃูƒุฑุงุฏู.. "KURTI"ุŒ ุญูŠุซู ุชุนู†ูŠ "KUR" ุงู„ุฌุจู„ูŽ ูˆ "TI" ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุงู†ุชู…ุงุกูุŒ ุฃูŠู’ ุดุนุจูŽ ุงู„ุฌุจู„ู ุฃูˆ "ุงู„ุฌุจู„ูŠูˆู†ูŽ". ูˆุญุชู‰ ูŠูˆู…ูู†ุงุŒ ุธู„ู‘ูŽ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูƒูˆู†ู ุงู„ุฃุตูŠู„ู ุฌุฒุกุงู‹ ู„ุง ูŠุชุฌุฒุฃู ู…ู† ูุณูŠูุณุงุกู ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุนู ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠูุŒ ุฑุบู…ูŽ ูƒู„ู ุงู„ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุงุชู ุงู„ุฑุงู…ูŠุฉู ุฅู„ู‰ ุชู‡ู…ูŠุดูู‡ ูˆุชุดูˆูŠู‡ู ุชุงุฑูŠุฎู‡ู ูˆูˆุฌูˆุฏู‡ู.

ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูุŒ ุงู„ุฐูŠู†ูŽ ูŠุดูƒู„ูˆู†ูŽ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ูŽ ุจูŠู†ูŽ 12% ูˆ 15% ู…ู† ุณูƒุงู†ู ุณูˆุฑูŠุงุŒ ู„ู… ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูŠูˆู…ุงู‹ ุถูŠูˆูุงู‹ ุนุงุจุฑูŠู†ูŽุŒ ุจู„ู’ ุฃุตุญุงุจูŽ ุฌุฐูˆุฑู ุถุงุฑุจุฉู ููŠ ุฃุนู…ุงู‚ู ุงู„ุชุงุฑูŠุฎูุŒ ุงู…ุชุฏุชู’ ู…ู†ุฐู ุนู‡ุฏู ุงู„ุญู…ุฏุงู†ูŠูŠู†ูŽ ุญูŠู†ูŽ ูƒุงู†ูŽ ุณูŠููŽ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉูุŒ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฃุณุณูŽ ุญูƒู…ู‡ู ููŠ ุญู„ุจูŽ ุนุงู…ูŽ 944 ู…ุŒ ู…ุชุฒูˆุฌุงู‹ ู…ู† ุงุจู†ุฉู ุฃุญู…ุฏูŽ ุจู†ู ุนู„ูŠู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠูุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ูŠุนูƒุณู ุชุฏุงุฎู„ุงู‹ ุซู‚ุงููŠุงู‹ ูˆุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุงู‹ ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุงู‹ ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู†ู ุฅู†ูƒุงุฑู‡ูุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุฌุจู ุฃู†ู’ ู†ู†ุณู‰ ุฃู†ู‘ูŽ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉูŽ ุฑุคุณุงุกูŽ ุญูƒู…ูˆุง ุณูˆุฑูŠุฉูŽ ู‡ู… ู…ู† ุฃุตูˆู„ู ูƒุฑุฏูŠุฉู: ู…ุญู…ุฏูŽ ุนู„ูŠู ุงู„ุนุงุจุฏูุŒ ุญุณู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฒุนูŠู…ูุŒ ููˆุฒูŠ ุณู„ูˆุŒ ุฃุฏูŠุจูŽ ุงู„ุดูŠุดูƒู„ูŠ.

ู„ูƒู†ู’ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุบู…ู ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู…ู‚ู ุงู„ุชุงุฑูŠุฎูŠูุŒ ูู‚ุฏู’ ุชุนุฑู‘ุถูŽ ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏู ููŠ ุณูˆุฑูŠุง ู„ุณู„ุณู„ุฉู ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉู ู…ู† ุงู„ุชู…ูŠูŠุฒู ูˆุงู„ุฅู‚ุตุงุกูุŒ ุจู„ุบุชู’ ุฐุฑูˆุชู‡ุง ููŠ ู…ุดุฑูˆุนู "ุงู„ุญุฒุงู…ู ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠู" ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุงู†ุทู„ู‚ูŽ ุนุงู…ูŽ 1962ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ุณุนู‰ ุฅู„ู‰ ุชุบูŠูŠุฑู ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจุฉู ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ุบุฑุงููŠุฉู ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒูŠุฑุฉู ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠุฉู ุนุจุฑูŽ ุณุญุจู ุงู„ุฌู†ุณูŠุฉู ู…ู† ู…ุฆุงุชู ุงู„ุขู„ุงูู ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏู ูˆุญุฑู…ุงู†ูู‡ู… ู…ู† ุญู‚ูˆู‚ูู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉู.

ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณุงุชู ู„ู… ุชูƒู†ู’ ูˆู„ูŠุฏุฉู‹ ู„ุญุธุชูู‡ุงุŒ ุจู„ู’ ุฌุงุกุชู’ ุงู…ุชุฏุงุฏุงู‹ ู„ุนู‚ู„ูŠุฉู ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉู ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฑุฃุชู’ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูƒุฑุงุฏู ุชู‡ุฏูŠุฏุงู‹ ูŠู†ุจุบูŠ ุชุญุฌูŠู…ูู‡ุŒ ุชุฌู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุญุชู‰ ููŠ ู…ู…ุงุฑุณุงุชู ุฑุคุณุงุกู ุงู„ุฌู…ู‡ูˆุฑูŠุฉูุŒ ูƒู…ุง ููŠ ุญุงุฏุซุฉู ุนุงู…ูˆุฏุง ุนุงู…ูŽ 1961ุŒ ุญูŠู†ูŽ ุงุณุชูู‚ุจู„ูŽ ูˆูุฏูŒ ูƒุฑุฏูŠูŒ ูŠุทุงู„ุจู ุจุฅู†ุตุงูู ุงู„ู…ุนุชู‚ู„ูŠู†ูŽุŒ ู„ูŠูƒุชุดููŽ ุฃู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŽ ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠ "ู†ุงุธู… ุงู„ู‚ุฏุณูŠ" ูƒุงู†ูŽ ุฃูƒุซุฑูŽ ุญู…ุงุณุงู‹ ู„ุฅู„ุญุงู‚ู ุงู„ุฃุฐู‰ ุจุงู„ูƒุฑุฏู ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑูู‡.

ุฅู†ู‘ูŽ ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉูŽ ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏู ู„ู… ุชุชูˆู‚ูู’ ุนู†ุฏูŽ ุงู„ุชู…ูŠูŠุฒู ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠูุŒ ุจู„ู’ ุงู…ุชุฏุชู’ ู„ุชุดู…ู„ูŽ ุงู„ุชุฏุฎู„ุงุชู ุงู„ุฅู‚ู„ูŠู…ูŠุฉูŽ ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠุฉูŽ ููŠ ู‚ุถูŠุชูู‡ู…. ูู‚ุฏู’ ุดุงุฑูƒูŽ ุงู„ุฌูŠุดู ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠู ููŠ ู‚ู…ุนู ุงู„ุซูˆุฑุฉู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠุฉู ููŠ ุงู„ุนุฑุงู‚ูŽ ุนุงู…ูŽ 1963ุŒ ูˆูˆู‚ููŽ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฌุงู†ุจู ุชุฑูƒูŠุง ููŠ ุชู‡ุฏูŠุฏูู‡ุง ู„ุณูˆุฑูŠุง ููŠ 1998 ู„ุชุณู„ูŠู…ู ุนุจุฏู ุงู„ู„ู‡ู ุฃูˆุฌู„ุงู†ุŒ ู…ุง ุงุถุทุฑู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŽ ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠูŽ ุขู†ุฐุงูƒ ุญุงูุธูŽ ุงู„ุฃุณุฏูŽ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุถูˆุฎู ูˆุงู„ุทู„ุจู ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒุนูŠู…ู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠู ุงู„ุฎุฑูˆุฌู ู…ู† ุณูˆุฑูŠุฉุŒ ููŠ ู…ุดู‡ุฏู ูŠุฌุณุฏู ุญุฌู…ูŽ ุงู„ุถุบุทู ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠู ุงู„ู…ุณุชู…ุฑู ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู„ูู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠู ููŠ ุณูˆุฑูŠุง ูˆุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉู.

ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ูŽ ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏู ู‚ุฏู’ ูˆุฌุฏูˆุง ุฃู†ูุณูŽู‡ู… ุฏูˆู…ุงู‹ ุจูŠู†ูŽ ู…ุทุฑู‚ุฉู ุงู„ุฃู†ุธู…ุฉู ูˆุณู†ุฏุงู†ู ุงู„ุฌุบุฑุงููŠุง ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉูุŒ ูุฅู†ู‘ูŽ ูˆุงู‚ุนูŽู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุนุงุตุฑูŽ ุฃูƒุซุฑู ุชุนู‚ูŠุฏุงู‹. ูููŠ 2014ุŒ ุฃุนู„ู†ูŽ ุญุฒุจู ุงู„ุงุชุญุงุฏู ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠู PYD ุชุฃุณูŠุณูŽ ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉู ุงู„ุฐุงุชูŠุฉู ูˆุชู‚ุณูŠู…ูŽ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠุฉู ุฅู„ู‰ ุซู„ุงุซู ูƒุงู†ุชูˆู†ุงุชูุŒ ููŠ ู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉู ู„ุจู†ุงุกู ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌู ุญูƒู…ู ุฐุงุชูŠูุŒ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ู ุธู„ู‘ูŽ ุฎุงุถุนุงู‹ ู„ู„ุถุบูˆุทู ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุฉูุŒ ุณูˆุงุกู‹ ู…ู† ุชุฑูƒูŠุง ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฑู‰ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏู ุชู‡ุฏูŠุฏุงู‹ ู„ุฃู…ู†ูู‡ุง ุงู„ู‚ูˆู…ูŠู ูˆุชู†ูุฐู ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุชู ุนุณูƒุฑูŠุฉู‹ ู…ุซู„ูŽ "ุฏุฑุนู ุงู„ูุฑุงุชู" ูˆ"ุบุตู†ู ุงู„ุฒูŠุชูˆู†ู" ู„ุถุฑุจู ุงู„ูˆุฌูˆุฏู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠูุŒ ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆู„ุงูŠุงุชู ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉู ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฏุนู…ุชู’ ู‚ูˆุงุชู ุณูˆุฑูŠุง ุงู„ุฏูŠู…ู‚ุฑุงุทูŠุฉู "ู‚ุณุฏ" ููŠ ุญุฑุจูู‡ุง ุถุฏู‘ูŽ ุฏุงุŸุนุดุŒ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ุง ุชุฑูƒุชู’ ุงู„ู…ู„ูู‘ูŽ ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠู‘ูŽ ู…ุนู„ู‚ุงู‹ ููŠ ู„ุนุจุฉู ุงู„ู…ุตุงู„ุญู ุงู„ุฅู‚ู„ูŠู…ูŠุฉู ูˆุงู„ุฏูˆู„ูŠุฉูุŒ ูƒู…ุง ูุนู„ุชู’ ููŠ ุนูุฑูŠู†ูŽ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู…ู†ุนุชู’ ุฑูˆุณูŠุง ุงู„ู†ุธุงู…ูŽ ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠูŽ ู…ู† ุฏุนู…ู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏู ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุถุฏู‘ูŽ ุงู„ู‡ุฌูˆู…ู ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠูุŒ ู…ู…ุง ุฃุฏู‰ ุฅู„ู‰ ูƒุงุฑุซุฉู ุฅู†ุณุงู†ูŠุฉู ูˆุณูŠุทุฑุฉู ุชุฑูƒูŠุฉู.

ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุบู…ู ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠุงุชูุŒ ูŠุธู„ู‘ู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏู ููŠ ุณูˆุฑูŠุง ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงู‹ ุฃุตูŠู„ุงู‹ุŒ ูŠุญู…ู„ู ุซู‚ุงูุฉู‹ ุบู†ูŠุฉู‹ุŒ ูˆู„ุบุฉู‹ ุนุฑูŠู‚ุฉู‹ุŒ ูˆุชุฑุงุซุงู‹ ู…ูˆุณูŠู‚ูŠุงู‹ ูˆุฃุฏุจูŠุงู‹ ูˆุดุนุฑูŠุงู‹ ุฃุบู†ู‰ ุจู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดุฑู‚ูŽุŒ ูˆู‡ู…ู’ ูƒุบูŠุฑูู‡ู… ู…ู† ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุชู ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุนู ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠูุŒ ุชุฑุจุทูู‡ู… ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุชูŒ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎูŠุฉูŒ ู…ุน ุงู„ุนุฑุจู ูˆุงู„ุณุฑูŠุงู†ู ูˆุงู„ุขุดูˆุฑูŠูŠู†ูŽ ูˆุงู„ุฃุฑู…ู†ู ูˆุงู„ุฏุฑูˆุฒู ูˆุงู„ุฅูŠุฒูŠุฏูŠูŠู†ูŽ ูˆุบูŠุฑูู‡ู….

ูˆูƒู…ุง ูƒุชุจูŽ ุจุนุถู ุงู„ู…ููƒุฑูŠู†ูŽ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูุŒ ูุฅู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŽ ู„ูŠุณูˆุง ูˆุงูุฏูŠู†ูŽ ุฃูˆ ุบุฑุจุงุกูŽุŒ ุจู„ู’ ู‡ู… ุณูƒุงู†ูŒ ุฃุตูŠู„ูˆู† ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถูุŒ ูŠุดู‡ุฏู ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุชุฏุงุฎู„ูู‡ู… ู…ุน ุงู„ุนุฑุจู ู…ู†ุฐ ุนุตูˆุฑู ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉูุŒ ูˆุชุงุฑูŠุฎูู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒู ููŠ ู…ูˆุงุฌู‡ุฉู ุงู„ุบุฒูˆุงุชู ูˆุงู„ุตุฑุงุนุงุชู.

ุบูŠุฑูŽ ุฃู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุฎุทุงุจูŽ ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠู‘ูŽ ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠู‘ูŽ ู†ูุณู‡ู ู„ู… ูŠูƒู†ู’ ุฏูˆู…ุงู‹ ุจุนูŠุฏุงู‹ ุนู† ุงู„ุฅุดูƒุงู„ูŠุงุชูุŒ ุฅุฐู’ ุดู‡ุฏูŽ ุงู†ู‚ุณุงู…ุงุชู ุญุงุฏุฉู‹ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุชูŠุงุฑุงุชู ูˆุงู„ู‚ูŠุงุฏุงุชูุŒ ูˆุฃุญูŠุงู†ุงู‹ ู…ู…ุงุฑุณุงุชู ุณู„ุทูˆูŠุฉู‹ ุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ููŠู†ูŽ ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุฃูŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ูŽ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ู ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุฏูŠุฑูˆู†ู‡ุงุŒ ุฃูˆ ุทููˆู„ูŠุฉูŽ ุงู„ู…ูƒุงุชุจู ุงู„ุณูŠุงุณูŠุฉู ู„ู…ุฌู„ุณู‡ู… ูˆู„ุจุนุถู ุงู„ุฃุญุฒุงุจู ููŠ ู…ุฏู†ู ู…ุซู„ูŽ ุญู„ุจูŽ ูˆุบูŠุฑู‡ุงุŒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ู… ุชูŽุฑุชู‚ู ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ู…ุนุงู†ุงุฉู ุงู„ุฃูƒุฑุงุฏู ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ุชุงุฑูŠุฎู ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซู ุฃูˆ ู‡ูŠ ุฃู‚ู„ู ู…ู† ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุฃุญุฏุงุซูุŒ ูƒู„ู‘ู ู‡ุฐุง ุณุงู‡ู…ูŽ ููŠ ุฅุถุนุงูู ุงู„ุตูู‘ู ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠู‘ู ุฃู…ุงู…ูŽ ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠุงุชู ุงู„ูƒุจุฑู‰.

ุฅู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุญุฏูŠุซูŽ ุนู† ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏู ููŠ ุณูˆุฑูŠุง ู„ุง ูŠูƒุชู…ู„ู’ ู…ู† ุฏูˆู†ู ุงู„ุฅุดุงุฑุฉู ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุชุฑุงุฌูŠุฏูŠุง ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฌุณุฏุชู’ ููŠ ุตูˆุฑุฉู ุงู„ุทูู„ู "ุฅูŠู„ุงู†" ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŠู‘ูุŒ ุฐูˆ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ุณู†ูˆุงุชุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฐูŠ ูˆุฌุฏู‡ู ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…ู ููŠ 2 ุฃูŠู„ูˆู„ 2015ุŒ ุฌุซุฉู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ุดุงุทุฆู ุจูˆุฏุฑูˆู…ูŽ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุฉุŒ ู„ุชูƒูˆู†ูŽ ุฑู…ุฒุงู‹ ู„ู…ุฃุณุงุฉู ุดุนุจู ูŠุจุญุซู ุนู† ู…ูƒุงู†ู ุขู…ู†ู ูˆูƒุฑุงู…ุฉู ู…ู‡ุฏูˆุฑุฉู.

ูˆุฑุบู… ูƒู„ู‘ู ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูุฅู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ุฃู…ู„ูŽ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‚ุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ููŠ ุฃู† ุชุนูˆุฏูŽ ุณูˆุฑูŠุง ูˆุทู†ุงู‹ ุฌุงู…ุนุงู‹ ู„ูƒู„ู‘ู ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุชู‡ุงุŒ ุจู…ุง ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉู ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู†ุฉู ุงู„ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉู ูˆุงู„ุนุฏุงู„ุฉู ุงู„ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนูŠุฉูุŒ ุจุนูŠุฏุงู‹ ุนู† ุงู„ุฅู‚ุตุงุกู ูˆุงู„ุนู†ุตุฑูŠุฉูุŒ ูˆู…ุจู†ูŠุฉู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุนุชุฑุงูู ุงู„ู…ุชุจุงุฏู„ู ุจุงู„ุชู†ูˆุนู ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุดูƒู„ูŽ ุฑูˆุญูŽ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถู ุนุจุฑ ุงู„ุนุตูˆุฑู.

ุฅู†ู‘ูŽ ุงู„ูƒุฑุฏูŽ ู„ูŠุณูˆุง ุฃู‚ู„ูŠุฉู‹ ุนุงุจุฑุฉู‹ุŒ ุจู„ู’ ุฑูƒู†ูŒ ุฃุตูŠู„ูŒ ู…ู† ุฃุฑูƒุงู†ู ุงู„ู…ุฌุชู…ุนู ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠู‘ูุŒ ูˆู…ุณุงู‡ู…ูŒ ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠู‘ูŒ ููŠ ุจู†ุงุกู ุญุถุงุฑุชูู‡ ูˆุซู‚ุงูุชูู‡ ูˆุชุงุฑูŠุฎูู‡.

ุงู„ู„ู‡ู…ู‘ูŽ ุงุดู‡ุฏู’ ุฃู†ูŠ ุจู„ู‘ุบุชู.

ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูŠุฏุฉ ููŠุฑูˆุฒ

ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูŠุฏุฉ ููŠุฑูˆุฒุŒ ุตูˆุช ุงู„ุตุจุงุญุงุช ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุนุทุฑ ุงู„ุฒู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠู„ุŒ

ุฃุนุชุฐุฑ ู…ู†ูƒูุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุทู† ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูƒุจุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุบู†ูŠุงุชูƒุŒ ูˆุงุณุชูŠู‚ุธุช ุจู„ุงุฏู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุตูˆุชูƒ ุนู‚ูˆุฏุงู‹ ุทูˆูŠู„ุฉุŒ ุฃู† ุฃูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุจู„ุฏู ู„ู… ูŠูุญุณู†ุŒ ุฑุณู…ูŠุงู‹ุŒ ุงู„ูˆู‚ูˆู ุฅู„ู‰ ุฌุงู†ุจูƒ ููŠ ู„ุญุธุฉ ูˆุฌุนูƒ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑ.

ุฃุนุชุฐุฑ ู„ุฃู†ูƒู ุฎุณุฑุชู ุงุจู†ุงู‹ุŒ ูˆุฎุณุฑุชู ู…ุนู‡ ุฌุฒุกุงู‹ ู…ู† ู‚ู„ุจูƒุŒ ุจูŠู†ู…ุง ุจู„ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃุญุจู‘ุชู’ูƒู ูˆู„ู… ุชุนุฑู ุตุจุงุญุงู‹ ุฏูˆู†ูƒุŒ ุตู…ุชุชู’โ€ฆ ุฃูˆ ุญุณุจุชูู‡ุง ุตู…ุชุชู’.

ูƒูŠู ู„ู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ู†ุณู‰ ุฃู†ูƒู ุบู†ูŠุชู ู„ู†ุง "ูŠุง ุดุงู… ุนุงุฏ ุงู„ุตูŠู"ุŒ ูˆ"ุดุงู… ูŠุง ุฐุง ุงู„ุณูŠู"ุŒ ูˆ"ุฑุฌุนุช ุงู„ุดุชูˆูŠุฉ"ุŒ ูˆ"ุฃู…ูˆูŠูˆู†"ุŒ ูˆุบู†ูŠุชู ู„ู„ุจุฑุฏู‰ุŒ ูˆู„ุชุฑุงุจ ุงู„ุดุงู…ุŒ ูˆู„ู†ุงุณู‡ุงุŒ ูƒุฃู†ูƒู ู…ู†ู‡ู…ุŒ ุจู„ ูƒุฃู†ูƒู ู‡ูŠ.

ุฃุนุชุฐุฑ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ู… ุงุญุชุฌู‘ูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆู‚ู ุงุจู†ูƒูุŒ ูˆู†ุณูˆุง ู…ูˆู‚ููƒู ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุทู†ุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุจุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู…ุงู„ุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู†. ูˆู†ุณูˆุง ุฃู† ุงู„ุฃู… ู„ุง ุชูุนุฒู‘ู‰ ุจู…ูˆุงู‚ู ุฃุจู†ุงุฆู‡ุงุŒ ุจู„ ุชูุนุฒู‘ู‰ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุฃู…ูŒ ู…ูƒุณูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ.

ูŠุง ููŠุฑูˆุฒุŒ ุณุงู…ุญูŠ ู…ุง ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ูŠู„ูŠู‚ ุจูƒูโ€ฆ ุณุงู…ุญูŠ ุฑุณู…ูŠู‘ุชู†ุง ุญูŠู† ู†ูŽุณููŠุช ู…ู† ุชูƒูˆู†ูŠู†. ุฃู…ุง ู†ุญู†ุŒ ุงู„ุดุนุจุŒ ูู…ุง ุฒู„ู†ุง ู†ุถุน ูŠุฏู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุจ ุญูŠู† ู†ุณู…ุน ุตูˆุชูƒุŒ ูˆู…ุง ุฒู„ู†ุง ู†ุบู†ูŠูƒู ู…ุน ุงู„ูŠุงุณู…ูŠู† ูˆุงู„ุจุฑุฏู‰ ูˆู‚ู‡ูˆุฉ ุงู„ุตุจุงุญุŒ ูˆู†ุฑุงูƒู ููŠ ุญุฌุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุดุงู… ูˆุญู†ูŠู† ุจูŠุฑูˆุช.

ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนุฒุงุกุŒ ูˆูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ุญุจุฉุŒ ูˆูƒู„ ุงู„ุงุนุชุฐุงุฑ.

ุงุจู†ูƒ ุงู„ุณูˆุฑูŠุŒ

ุจุงุณู„ ู‚ุณ ู†ุตุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡

Arabic